Fine Motor Development Through Mosaic Activities in Children Aged 4–5 Years: A Descriptive Qualitative Study at Play Group
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59638/ihyaulum.v4i2.900Keywords:
fine motor skills, mosaic activities, early childhood education, hand-eye coordination, pincer gripAbstract
Fine motor development is a fundamental aspect of early childhood growth, providing the neuromuscular foundation for daily independence and academic readiness. This study describes and analyzes the fine motor development of children aged 4–5 years through structured mosaic activities at Katolik Santa Miriam Kamanasa Play Group, Malaka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Using a descriptive qualitative design, data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured teacher interviews, and documentation of children's artwork over six weeks (March–April 2026). Participants comprised 21 children from Group A. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings indicate observable improvements across four fine motor indicators: (1) finger dexterity and hand-eye coordination; (2) spatial arrangement of mosaic pieces into coherent patterns; (3) precision in applying adhesive and placing materials; and (4) independent completion of artwork. Children gradually shifted from full-palm grasping to a refined pincer grip when handling small origami paper pieces and crushed eggshells. Concentration, patience, and independent task completion also increased throughout the observation period. Although individual differences persisted, with some children requiring guidance when handling small materials, the overall developmental trajectory indicated that mosaic activities supported fine motor development in accordance with national early childhood education standards. The findings highlight the pedagogical value of affordable, locally available materials in rural early childhood settings and offer practical recommendations for educators and future researchers.
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