Peningkatan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Kelompok B Melalui Metode Proyek
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59638/ihyaulum.v3i2.644Kata Kunci:
Cognitive Ability, Classroom Action Research, Early Childhood, Project-Based LearningAbstrak
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak usia dini melalui penerapan metode proyek pada Kelompok B TK Annur Buloa Kecamatan Tallo, Kota Makassar. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari kondisi awal anak yang menunjukkan rendahnya keterampilan menyusun, mengelompokkan, dan mengurutkan objek, yang disebabkan dominasi metode pembelajaran konvensional dan kurangnya keterlibatan anak secara aktif dalam proses belajar. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing terdiri atas tiga pertemuan. Subjek penelitian adalah 15 anak, terdiri atas 11 perempuan dan 4 laki-laki. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan persentase capaian indikator kognitif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada kemampuan kognitif anak. Pada siklus I, capaian masih rendah (menyusun 0–45%, mengelompokkan 0–46%, dan mengurutkan 0–48%). Namun, setelah diterapkan metode proyek secara konsisten pada siklus II, terjadi peningkatan yang sangat baik (menyusun 95%, mengelompokkan 96%, dan mengurutkan 96%). Penerapan metode proyek terbukti efektif mendorong anak terlibat aktif, berkolaborasi, dan berpikir kritis.
Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa metode proyek merupakan strategi yang tepat dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak usia dini. Implikasinya, guru dapat memanfaatkan metode proyek sebagai alternatif pembelajaran kreatif yang tidak hanya menstimulasi aspek kognitif, tetapi juga membangun kemandirian, kerja sama, dan keterampilan sosial anak.
Kata kunci: kemampuan kognitif, metode proyek, anak usia dini
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